Installation of Small Wind Turbines

First, installation preparation

 (1) Installing Packing List of small wind turbines Check and accept the wind turbines to be installed one by one. After the check and acceptance is qualified, the next work can be carried out.

 (2) Before installation, read the operation manual of small wind turbine carefully, get familiar with the drawings, master the installation size and all technical requirements.

 (3) The installation of the fan above kW should be guided by the technical personnel of the manufacturer or relevant technical personnel. If necessary, an installation team shall be set up, and all installation and construction activities shall be under the unified command of the installation leader.

 (4) Prepare installation equipment and necessary materials (such as cement, fir book, traction rope, etc.) according to the instruction manual.

 (5) The installation shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements and procedures of the operation manual.

 After installation, acceptance shall be organized. After comprehensive inspection, it shall be considered that installation requirements and standards are met before trial operation can be carried out and put into use.

 

Two, installation work technical regulations

The installation of small wind turbines is divided into hundreds of watt fans and kilowatt fans. Because of its compact structure and light weight, the 100-watt fan can be erected by 3-5 people. Because of the large weight of the kilowatt fan, lifting pulleys and winches are needed for installation. In order to make the installation work safely and smoothly, the following technical procedures are formulated.

(1) The fir used for the installation of the tower should be strong in texture. The strength of the rope should meet the requirements, the safety factor must be large, and the length should have an appropriate margin. Signal should be specified during lifting operation to achieve unified command. 

(2) The installation of the main parts of the wind turbine (such as lifting parts, etc.) should follow the unified command. Operators are not allowed to stand under the tower or parts being lifted in case of accidents. 

(3) When installing the top of the upper tower, the operator must fasten the safety belt or install other protective devices. In addition, do not carry tools or parts in your hands or on your body, so as not to accidentally fall down and hurt people or cause damage. The tools and parts used by the upper operator of the tower should be hung with ropes. 

(4) The installation of wind turbine can only be carried out when the wind speed does not exceed 4m/s(level 3 wind), so as to ensure the safety of operation. 

(5) When hoisting with a winch, it should be evenly coiled one circle by one circle, otherwise the outer rope is easy to slide down from the inner ring, resulting in the sudden fall of the hanging parts. Lifting rope around the coil, also do not make the rope longitudinal distortion, because the rope twisted, one is not easy to pass through the pulley, the other is to reduce its tensile strength. 

(6) When installing the wind wheel, the wind wheel blades must be set with ropes in advance. The sheet is firmly tied to the tower body to prevent the wind wheel from being blown and rotating and injuring the installation operator. 

(7) After the wind turbine is installed and checked, it can be tested. Before the test run, the personnel on the pylon must get down and leave the pylon to avoid wind wheel rotation or accidents when the wind direction changes. 

 

Three, the installation of hundreds of watts of small wind turbines 

Installation of hundred-watt small wind turbine generally includes: column cable bracket installation, rotary body installation, tail and handbrake installation, nose installation, fan erection, electrical connection and so on. 

 

1. The installation steps of the column cable support are as follows: 

 

The first step is to install the column itself. 

Considering the convenience of transportation, the column is generally set up three sections when manufacturing. One of the connection methods is 45° Angle insertion, the other is flange butt. When installing, open the packing box, such as the 45° Angle of the connector rod, the plug is coated with anti-corrosion oil, plug one by one, such as the flange plate butt rod, the flange plate of each group of rod is aligned with a good bolt, put the spring pad can be tightened. 

 

The second step is to select the central location of the fan installation. 

For 100W and 200W fans, only place the fan base in the center position and nail the base securely with two iron rods. For the installation of 300W and 750W fan bases, the foundation must be dug and concrete poured. The size of the foundation pit is 0.4×0.4×0.5; The concrete ratio is cement: sand: stone = 1:2:3. Base bolts should be 30-35mm higher than the plane on the base, and the screw fasteners should be protected. It can be installed after 24 hours of solidification after perfusion. 

 

The third step

For models with hand brakes, the hand brake components (such as winch wheel, wire rope, etc.) should be installed. The wire rope should be passed through the long hole of the middle column into the center of the column and fixed from the end of the upper column. 

 

2. Installing the rotary body Install the rotary body as follows:

 (1) Installation of rotary body of models with external slip ring and hand brake: 

The first step is to coat the optical shaft position on the upper end of the column with yellow grease, and put the pressure bearing on the top bearing seat to coat with oil. 

The second step, the outer slip ring is connected to the lower end of the slewing body long sleeve, and fixed with screws, and then the long sleeve of the outer slip ring is connected to the optical shaft of the upper column from the lower mouth, and the brake wire rope is also inserted into the slewing body long sleeve, and the center hole of the upper end is removed and fixed. At this time, pay attention to the position of the pressure bearing to ensure that the pressure bearing seat at the upper end of the column is consistent with the bearing seat on the bearing cover at the upper end of the rotary body, so that the pressure bearing is crimped in the middle of the two bearing seats and runs freely. 

(2) Installation of rotary body of models without external slip ring and hand brake: 

Step one, ditto. 

The second step, put the transmission wire (waterproof glue) into the center hole of the rotary body (wire perforation), and then put the rotary body on the optical axis of the upper column. According to the different models, some rotary body installed a limited screw or limit bending plate, its function shows to prevent the rotary body channeling on the column. Pay attention to prevent the limit screw from being tightened during installation, and ensure that the limit can rotate flexibly on the optical axis of the column at the same time. 

 

3. Installation of tail and hand brake 

When the tail leaves the factory, the tail plate and the tail rod have been connected together as a whole, and the screws of the connecting parts should be checked whether they are fastened when installing. After checking, put the tail rod front long shaft sleeve into the tail connecting lug of the rotary body, align the pin hole and insert the tail pin shaft, and wear the cotter pin at the lower part of the pin shaft to make it rotate flexibly.

Installation of hand brake. 

In the fourth step of the column cable bracket installation, the lower stranded wheel of the handbrake has been installed. At this time, it is mainly the upper part of the installation, that is, the brake rope is drawn from the upper end of the rotary body. In one type (such as model FD2-100), a long curved spring moving track is fixed with a press clamp on the plane of the rotary body. After the spring track is fixed, the handbrake wire rope is passed through the spring and connected with the connecting screw on the tail rod. In the other type (FD2.1-0.2/8), two sets of porcelain bushing are installed at the outlet of the rotary body and the right corner of the upper plane as the moving track of the wire rope. Then the handbrake wire rope is passed through the porcelain bushing to connect with the connecting screw on the tail rod. In addition, there is also a small fan brake mechanism for holding brake friction brake, such as FD1.5-100 fan this kind of brake, installation is mainly to ensure the gap between the brake belt and the brake hub, and check after the vertical machine and ensure the flexible brake action.

 

4. The installation of the nose The installation of the nose includes the installation of the generator and the installation of the wind wheel. 

(1) Installation of generator. 

The generator is already assembled as a whole when it leaves the factory. When installing, just put the generator on the plane of the rotary body and align the four bolt holes, tighten the bolts and spring washers, and butt the generator outlet wire plug firmly with the outer slip ring leading wiring socket, the outer slip ring bow 1 outlet wire and the transmission wire (waterproof glue wire). If there is no outside slip ring model must be the generator lead line and transmission line. (waterproof glue line) according to the positive and negative terminals can be connected.

 (2) Installation of wind wheel. 

Small wind turbine wind turbine is generally divided into two categories, the second is fixed pitch wind turbine, the other is variable pitch wind turbine. 

 

Installation of fixed pitch wind wheel: 

If the wind wheel has two separate blades, only insert the propeller shaft of the two blades into the installation hole on the hub, align it with the keyway hole, put the spring pad, and tighten the nut. But it should be noted that the two separate blades are optional when leaving the factory, and can not be confused with other wind blades when installing, in order to avoid damaging the balance of the wind wheel. 

If the two blades are integral or installed assembly, just put the wind wheel shaft hole on the generator shaft, and then put the spring pad, tighten the nut. General motor shaft with 1:10 taper, so will not be installed wrong, such as FD2-100 fan integral blade. 

If it is a three-blade wind turbine, the blades and the front and back clips are packaged as separate parts when the wind turbine leaves the factory. The three blades are optional. There are three bolt holes at the root of each blade (shank). The wind wheel splint (wheel hub) is provided with a 1,10 cone sleeve, which is set on the generator shaft, put the spring pad, and tighten it with the nut. 

Variable pitch wind wheel: The variable pitch wind wheel in use at present is assembled as a whole when leaving the factory. Do not remove when installing, just put the wind wheel cone sleeve on the generator shaft, good spring pad, tighten the nut can be. Note When installing variable pitch wind turbine, check whether the blades are stuck. The method is to twist the two blades respectively. If the blades move smoothly, the requirements are met. 

 

5. Erect the fan 

After all the above contents are installed, a careful inspection should be done to see whether the fixed parts are tightened, whether the rotating parts are flexible, whether the brake rod parts and the connecting parts are reliable. Mark whether the positive and negative poles of the transmission line (waterproof glue line) are connected properly. At present, the manufacturer will use the power line connection all the way to plug in, as long as plugged in, the positive and negative terminals will not be mistaken. After all the above is correct, the machine can be set up. The methods and steps of setting up the machine are as follows: 

(1) The 100W and 200W models stand upright. As long as two people pull the traction rope (one of the four cables), the other two people, one person to carry the fuselage down, the other person to lift the fuselage with both hands, so that the four people can work together, the fan can stand up smoothly. 

(2) For 300W and 750W model, the upper part of the three cable is connected with the upper column of the fan. The lower part is connected and fixed with the ground anchor first, and the other one is used as the traction rope. The traction can be pulled by people (4-5 people) or a small tractor, and then the fuselage can be supported by 4-5 people. Pull and stand until you stand. 

After the fan stands up, adjust the cable tensioner to keep the fan column in a straight position and make each cable in a tensioned state. 

 

6. Connection of electrical appliances 

(1) Generator transmission wire connection: the transmission wire is fixed on the column with a press clamp. After fixed, the transmission wire is set up from the bottom of the column and introduced into the user's home. 

(2) Power line and distribution box plug: distribution box is generally equipped with a generator power line socket, connect the power line plug into the generator power line socket on the distribution panel can be. 

(3) The connection of the battery: the connection of the battery should strictly comply with the electric suppression of the generator. Some small wind turbines are designed for 28V, while others are 42V and 110V. Each fan has two batteries in a group, or more than three batteries in a group. The connection shall be made in accordance with the instruction manual. Batteries are generally connected in series, such as 100W and 200W fans, most of which are 28V electrically pressed. The two 60AH batteries should be connected in series. 

(4) Connection of electrical appliances: At present, the electrical appliances of small wind turbines mainly include light bulbs, TV sets, tape-recorder. Small refrigerator and washing machine. The general fan distribution box is equipped with 12V DC, 24V and 220V AC electrical suppression socket, in the use of electrical appliances should be in strict accordance with the electrical suppression requirements of the distribution box on the corresponding socket, can not be inserted wrong. 

 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Power Generation

Advantages: 

1. Clean, good environmental benefits. 

2. Renewable, never exhausted. 

3. Short cycle of infrastructure construction and less investment. 

4. Flexible installation scale. 

5. Relatively mature technology. 

 

Disadvantages: 

1. Noise and visual pollution. 

2. Occupy large tracts of land. 

3. Unstable and uncontrollable. 

4. Costs are still high.